Types of Washers

Types of Washers: A Detailed Overview

1. Flat Washers

  • Materials: Typically made from steel, stainless steel, brass, or nylon.
  • Thickness Variations: Ranges from ultra-thin to thicker models.
  • Notable Features: Might have a chamfer on the outer surface.

2. Spring Washers (Split Lock Washers)

  • Materials: Often made from hardened steel.
  • Design: Helical shape.
  • Notable Features: Exerts axial force.

3. Toothed Lock Washers

  • Materials: Usually made of steel and sometimes coated for corrosion resistance.
  • Design Variations:
    • External Toothed: Teeth are on the outer circumference.
    • Internal Toothed: Teeth are on the inner circumference.
  • Notable Features: Teeth biting action provides a locking feature.

4. Belleville Washers (Conical Spring Washers)

  • Materials: Typically made from spring steel.
  • Design: Conical or dome-shaped.
  • Notable Features: Can be stacked in series or in parallel to achieve desired load and flexibility.

5. NordLock Washers

  • Materials: Commonly made from steel with zinc flake coating for corrosion resistance.
  • Design: Pair of washers with a wedge-locking action.
  • Notable Features: Radial teeth on the opposite side enhance the locking function.

6. Spherical Washers

  • Materials: Carbon steel is most common.
  • Design: Comprises two parts, one concave and the other convex.
  • Notable Features: Allows for the leveling of parts, accommodating up to a few degrees of surface angle.

7. Dock Washers

  • Materials: Generally made of steel.
  • Design: Much larger and thicker than standard flat washers.
  • Notable Features: Its sheer size and thickness provide robust support, making it ideal for heavy-duty applications.

8. Square Washers

  • Materials: Carbon steel, stainless steel.
  • Design: Typically has a larger surface area than flat washers.
  • Notable Features: Its shape allows for better surface contact in strut systems and reduces chances of rotation.

9. Fender Washers

  • Materials: Steel, stainless steel, brass, or aluminum.
  • Design: Thin washer with a wide diameter.
  • Notable Features: The broad diameter distributes load, especially on soft materials, preventing pull-through.
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